Red Eléctrica, Spain’s electricity grid operator, ruled out a cyberattack, human error or unusual weather. Experts say it could take weeks to determine the cause.

One of Europe’s most severe blackouts grounded flights, paralyzed metro systems, disrupted mobile communications and shut down ATMs across the Iberian Peninsula.

On 28 April 2025, an unprecedented collapse of the Iberian Peninsula's electricity grid brought Spain and Portugal to a standstill. The likelihood of this ever happening was extremely low and—speculation about its causes aside—the episode has caused serious social disruption,