The influenza viruses are relatively simple, RNA-containing viruses with strongly immunogenic surface proteins, especially the HA. However, their segmented genomes and their error-prone RNA-dependent RNA polymerases enable these viruses to undergo antigenic shift and drift, which in turn results in an evasion of the adaptive immune responses in ...

The structure of influenza A is shown schematically in Figure 4. The viral genomic RNA, which consists of eight separate strands (see Section 2.3), is enclosed by its associated nucleoproteins to make a ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP), and this is …

This diagram shows how the influenza A virus replicates, or makes copies of itself. Glycoproteins on the surface of the influenza A virus bind to specific receptors on the host cell’s surface...

Influenza viruses are members of the family Orthomyxoviridae and include influenza virus types A, B, and C. This introduction provides an overview of influenza virus classification, structure, and life cycle.

The influenza virus life cycle can be divided into the following stages: entry into the host cell; entry of vRNPs into the nucleus; transcription and replication of the viral genome; export of the vRNPs from the nucleus; and assembly and budding at the host cell plasma membrane.

Nov 13, 2015 · The structure of the influenza virus (see Figure 1) is somewhat variable, but the virion particles are usually spherical or ovoid in shape and 80 to 120 nanometers in diameter. Sometimes filamentous forms of the virus occur as well, and are more common among some influenza strains than others.

Labelled animation of the structure of an influenza (flu) virus. The components of the virion are labelled. At the centre is the viral RNA genetic material, along with nucleoproteins and polymerases that aid its reproduction in cells. This is surrounded by a matrix made up of matrix proteins, M1 and M2.

Jan 18, 2025 · Understanding Viruses: Structure, Transmission, and Vaccines Explore the intricate world of viruses, their transmission, immune interactions, and the science behind vaccine development.

May 13, 2010 · Influenza viruses have a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA genome and a pleiomorphic (non-uniform) envelope with a diameter of 50–120 nm. HA and NA glycoproteins form “spikes” that are spread over the surface of the viral particle.

3D illustration of influenza virus particle structure. The virus consists of a ribonucleic acid (RNA, orange coils) core, surrounded by a nucleocapsid (purple) and a lipid envelope (yellow). Spanning the capsid and envelope are M2 proteins (red), that act as proton pumps.